Uruhare rw’umugabo mu kwita ku buzima bw’umubyeyi n’umwana atwite
Minisiteri y’Ubuzima ibinyujije mu Kigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ubuzima (RBC ), biributsa abagabo kugaragaza uruhare rwabo ku kwita ku babyeyi batwite kuko icyo gihe baba bitaye no ku mwana icya rimwe.
Ubuzima bw’umubyeyi n’umwana ni ishingiro ry’ejo hazaza h’igihugu. Iyo umubyeyi afite ubuzima bwiza, bitanga amahirwe ko umwana avuka neza, akura neza, kandi akagira ubushobozi bwo kugirira akamaro umuryango n’igihugu. Ni yo mpamvu gahunda zita ku mubyeyi utwite, umubyeyi wonsa, n’abana bari munsi y’imyaka itanu zihabwa agaciro gakomeye.
Uruhare rw’umugabo mu kwita ku buzima bw’umubyeyi n’umwana atwite (Foto / Internet)
Betty Murebwayire, Umuyobozi w’imirimo rusange mu Karere ka Nyarugenge avuga ko guhindura imyumvire bigenda bikuraho imbogamizi zitandukanye zirimo n’uko hari abaziko ubuzima bw’umubyeyi n’umwana bwitabwaho ari uko yavutse nyamara ari uguhera umubyeyi agitwita.
Ati “biragaragara ko hagikenewe ubukangurambaga mu muryango kugira ngo bumve akamaro ko kwita ku mwana agisamwa, ubona abenshi batangira kumva ko umwana agomba kwitabwaho igihe yavutse ariko ababifitiye ubumenyi buhagije batugaragarije ko n’umwana ashobora guhura n’ingorane zo gukura nabi bikomotse ku gihe yasamwe umubyeyi ataritaweho uko bikwiye”.
Mukansaga Therese umujyanama w’ubuzima mu Murenge wa Kanyinya mu Karere ka Nyarugenge hamwe na Ndikubwimana Emmanuel umwe mu bagabo bitabiriye gutangiza icyumweru cy’umubyeyi n’umwana basanga koko umugabo nawe akwiye kugira uruhare muri ibi bikorwa kuko birinda igwingira bikanakangura ubwonko bw’umwana cyane cyane kuva agisamwa.
Mukansaga Therese ati “abagabo bakunda kuvuga ngo njye sintwita, njye simbyara umubyeyi w’umugore niwe ugomba kubyitaho, uruhare rw’umugabo agomba kumenya ko umugore we yasamye, agomba kumenyera umubyeyi indyo yuzuye, niwe ugomba gufatanya n’umubyeyi utwite gukurikirana wa mwana uri munda ni umwana wabo bombi bagomba kumukurikirana bose hamwe muri kwa gukangura ubwonko bw’umwana “.
Ndikubwimana Emmanuel ati “byaterwa n’imyumvire kuko ugira uruhare rwo kumubyara niko ugira n’uruhare rwo kuba wamurera wita ku mirire myiza ubashakira ibyangombwa byose, sinavuga ngo abagabo ntibita ku nshingano zo kurera ahubwo ubwo haba harimo ikibazo, icyo kibazo nicyo cyakarebweho, impamvu umubyeyi w’umugabo adafatanya n’umubyeyi w’umugore kurera umwana.”
Umubyeyi utwite akeneye ubufasha bwuzuye
RBC ivuga ko umubyeyi utwite akeneye ubufasha bwuzuye burimo ibiribwa bihagije, amazi meza, n’ubuvuzi bw’inda . Iyo ajya kwipimisha hakiri kare, abaganga bamufasha gukurikirana ubuzima bwe n’ubw’umwana, bagasuzuma amaraso, umuvuduko w’amaraso, ndetse n’imiterere y’umwana uri mu nda. Ibi bituma bavumbura kare ibibazo bishobora gutuma inda ivamo cyangwa bikabangamira ubuzima bw’umubyeyi.
Uwimana Theresa ati “mfite abana batatu nkaba ntuye hano muri Gikomero ku byara indahekana bituma utarera neza abana bawe, ariko iyo waboneje urubyaro bituma ubasha kwita ku mwana agakura neza, bityo rero ababyeyi turasabwa kuzamura imyumvire.’’
Yakomeje agira ati: “Buriya iyo ubyaye indahekana ntabwo ubasha kubona umwanya wo kwita ku mwana wawe ndetse no kumukuza neza kuko uba wita kubandi, niyo mpamvu twebwe ababyeyi dusabwa kuzamura imyumvire kugira ngo tubashe kwirinda indahekana bityo tubashe kubyara abo dushoboye kurera”.
Yakomeje avuga ko kuboneza urubyaro bitagoye kuko abajyanama b’ubuzima babana hafi yabo, kandi iyo ugize ikibazo kirenze ubushobozi abajyanama b’ubuzima bakujyana ku kigo nderabuzima nabyo biri hano hafi yacu mbese Leta yacu yabitwegereje hafi.
Iyo umubyeyi afite ubuzima bwiza, aba afite imbaraga zo kurera neza umwana. Iyo umwana akura neza, aba afite ubushobozi bwo kwiga, gukora, no guteza imbere igihugu. Bityo, ubuzima bw’umubyeyi n’umwana ni ishingiro rituma igihugu cyubaka ubukungu bufite imizi.
Dr.Francois Cyiza Regis ukuriye agashami gashinzwe ubuzima bw’umubyeyi n’Umwana n’amavuriro akorera mu kigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe ubuzima (RBC). Agira ati: “Icyumweru cy’ubuzima bw’umubyeyi n’umwana kigamije gukora ubukangurambaga no gutanga amakuru y’uburyo harushaho kurwanya igwingira ndetse no kurwanya indwara z’imirire mibi kuko buratandukanye, harimo bwaki, kugira ibiro bike cyane ugereranyije n’uko umwana angana, ariko by’umwihariko gutanga servisi zigiye zitandukanye kuko zifite aho zihurira no kugabanya igwingira ry’abana”.
Yakomeje avuga ko muri icyo cyumweru habamo gutanga imiti y’inzoka yaba kuva ku mwaka umwe kugera ku myaka itanu. Ati “Ikindi turakangurira abantu gutegura indyo yuzuye, bityo n’imiryango igafatanya ishakira hamwe ibyabatunga, kandi muri icyo cyumweru ni ugushishikariza ababyeyi batwite kwisuzumisha, kuko ubuzima bw’umwana butangira akiri munda, aho basabwa kwisuzumisha inshuro 8 kugira ngo umwana atwite arusheho kwitabwaho ndetse n’umubyeyi kugira ngo azabyare umwana ufite ibiro bikwiriye.
Uwimana Consolle umuko, Umukozi wa Minisiteri y’Uburinganire n’Iterambere ry’Umuryango, yagarutse kuri gahunda y’imyaka itanu zigamije kurwanya igwingira kandi kugira ngo bishoboke bisaba uruhare rwa buri wese, n’umunyarwanda wese muri rusange.
Agira ati: “Ubushakshatsi bwakozwe n’ikigo cy’igihugu cy’ibarurishamibare bagaragaza ko ubuzima bw’umubyeyi n’umwana bigenda birushaho kuba byiza, bikagaragazwa n’umubare w’ababyeyi bapfa babyara, umubare w’abana bapfa bari munsi y’imyaka itanu ndetse n’igabanuka ry’abana bari mu mirire mibi cyangwa se abagwingiye”.
Yakomeje avuga ko nubwo hari ibyo kwishimira byagezweho ariko hakenewe imbaraga kugira ngo umubyeyi n’umwana babeho neza, kandi mu muryango ushoboye unatekanye uzira amakimbirane, kuko nta muntu ukwiriye gupfa kandi atanga ubuzima, iyo umwana yitaweho n’ababyeyi akura neza akagira ubuzima buzira umuze, akagira imitekerereze n’imibanire ikwiye kandi amarangamutima ye akaba ahamye
Muri 2025, politiki n’ibikorwa bigendanye n’ubuzima bw’umubyeyi n’umwana mu Rwanda byibanda ku guharanira ko igwingira ryo riyoyoka, kunoza imikorere y’icyumweru cyahariwe ubuzima bw’umubyeyi n’umwana, no kongera ubufatanye hagati y’ibigo n’imiryango mu guteza imbere ubuzima bw’abo.
Guverinoma ikomeza gushyira imbere gukingira abana, guha ababyeyi inama n’ubufasha bwo kuboneza urubyaro no gukangurira abagabo kugira uruhare mu kurera no kwita ku buzima bw’abana n’abagore
Nkuko bitangazwa na UNICEF , Ku Isi hose, hagati ya 2000 na 2023, umubare w’ababyeyi bapfa (maternal mortality ratio, MMR) wagabanutse ho ~ 40%. Ishami ry’umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku buzima uvuga ko muri 2023, hari hakiri ababyeyi barenga 260 000 bapfuye kubera impamvu zishobora kwirindwa, ni ukuvuga akabaye “umusimbura” w’imyaka ~ 1 buri minota 2. 90 %+ by’izo mfu z’ababyeyi ziba mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere
Mu Rwanda Ukurikije icyegeranyo cyakozwe mu 2020, Impfu z’abana bato bari munsi y’imyaka itanu zari 45 kuri buri 1 000 bavuka, nk’uko bitangazwa na RBC. Ikomeza ivuga ko Impfu z’abana bakivuka (neonatal mortality) zari 19 kuri buri 1 000 bavuka. Umubare w’ababyeyi bapfa (maternal mortality ratio) wari 203 ku 100 000 bavuka. Ikibazo cy’imirire mibi mu bana munsi y’imyaka 5 kiracyari kinini: 33%. Ariko hari iterambere: mu myaka yashize, urugero rw’ababyeyi bapfa mu Rwanda rwagabanutse: bivugwa ko MMR yavuye kuri 210 (mu 2014/15) ikagera kuri 105 mu 2023.
Byiringiro Jean Elysee/ bylysee2025@gmail.com
